Key Takeaway:
- Jelajahi panduan kegagalan baterai lithium-ion, menutupi masalah pengisi daya, sirkuit pendek, tusukan, pembengkakan, dan terlalu panas, dengan tips untuk pencegahan dan penanganan yang aman.
Adalah milik Anda Baterai lithium khusus berkinerja buruk? Hari ini, mari kita jelajahi penyebab kegagalan paket baterai dan pelajari cara mencegahnya.
Masalah pengisi daya
Menggunakan pengisi daya yang salah dapat menyebabkan masalah seperti pengisian berlebihan dan pembengkakan dalam paket baterai lithium.
Pengisi daya dirancang untuk mencegah pengisian berlebihan, tetapi pengisi daya yang salah dapat menyebabkan masalah ini.
Paket baterai lithium tidak boleh diisi di bawah 32 ° F. Ini dapat menyebabkan pelapisan lithium permanen pada anoda, membuat baterai lebih rentan terhadap kerusakan.
Over-Discharge sama pentingnya dengan baterai lithium-ion yang berlebihan.
The voltage should never fall below 2 volts, because the anode and cathode will break down.
When recharged above 2 volts, the anode current collector will dissolve, and copper ions can precipitate, causing short circuits. The cathode also releases oxygen, leading to permanent capacity loss.
Cell Short Circuit
Lithium battery fires often stem from metallic particle contacts inside the battery that cause short circuits.
While minor shorts only lead to self-discharge, major shorts can trigger thermal runaway, where heat corrodes the insulation and causes combustion. This issue is typically caused by manufacturing problems that allow metallic dust to accumulate.
To prevent these failures, improving quality control and using clean rooms to reduce dust generation can be done.
Tusukan dan kebocoran
Pengguna akhir dapat mengalami tusukan dan kebocoran dalam paket baterai lithium selama pengiriman, transportasi, dan penanganan.
Tusukan akan terjadi ketika elektrolit bocor keluar dari kontak dengan benda tajam, tetesan, atau tekanan mekanis lainnya. Jumlah kebocoran bervariasi tergantung pada ukuran paket baterai dan nomor sel yang tertusuk.
Tusukan dan kebocoran bisa berbahaya. Pengguna harus mengambil tindakan pencegahan untuk menghindari kontak dengan elektrolit bocor, karena mereka dapat melakukan hubungan pendek di dekat elektronik.
Pembengkakan paket baterai
Enklosur baterai mungkin menggembung karena pembengkakan baterai lithium. Ini dapat terjadi karena beberapa alasan, seperti intrusi kelembaban, pengisian yang berlebihan, atau penuaan.
Seiring bertambahnya usia baterai, ia dapat menyebabkan suhu meningkat.
To prevent battery swelling, avoid exposing the pack to moisture and limit constant charging.
Heating Issues
Overheating is a common lithium battery failure, which generally led by by overcharging or high temperatures.
Thermal runaway is another issue that can affect lithium-ion batteries, where the electrolyte and cathode break down because of excessive internal temperature and pressure. It will result in gas accumulation and the risk of ignition or explosion.
Battery management systems (BMS) are designed to prevent thermal runaway by monitoring and regulating factors like overcharging, overvoltage, and temperature. The BMS ensures the battery operates within safe limits and can store diagnostic information to help troubleshoot issues.
What to Do When Your Battery Pack Fails
The BMS prevents most battery pack issues. Other problems like shorts or aging simply cause the battery to stop working.
It should be aware of dangers like leakage and thermal runaway. If there’s leakage, place the lithium-ion battery in a sealable bag and clean up the electrolyte with lemon juice or vinegar.
During failures, the pack may hiss, vent gases, ignite, or explode. Treat it like a regular fire, using a foam extinguisher, sodium carbonate, or water.
If a lithium battery has swelled, remove it from the device and contact the manufacturer for returning or properly disposing of it.
Kesimpulan
In summary, the top causes of lithium-ion battery failure include charger issues, cell short circuits, punctures and leakage, battery pack swelling, and overheating. Proper charger usage, quality control, and battery management systems are crucial to prevent these failures.
When a lithium-ion battery pack does fail, it’s important to handle it safely by containing any leaks and disposing of the battery properly.
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