Ukuqonda ubomi bebhetri yomjikelo onzulu kubalulekile, nokuba indala okanye intsha. Izinto ezahlukeneyo zinefuthe kumjikelezo wobomi bayo, kodwa masiqale sichaze ukuba yintoni umjikelo wobomi bebhetri kwaye ubalwa njani.
Yintoni Umjikelo woBomi bebhetri?
Njengoko ibhetri isetyenziswa kwaye itshajwa kwakhona, ngokuthe ngcembe iphulukana nomthamo wayo wokuqala. Umjikelo wobomi bayo ubhekisa kwinani lentlawulo kunye nemijikelo yokukhupha enokuthi igqibe ngaphambi kokuba ukusebenza kunciphe.
Indlela yokubala umjikelo woBomi bebhetri?
Emva kokusetyenziswa kokuqala, ibhetri ayinakuphinda igcwalise umthamo opheleleyo, kodwa oku akubonisi ukuphela kobomi bayo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abavelisi baya kubonelela ngedatha ekusebenzeni okwamkelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa umthamo ngaphambi kokuba umjikelezo wobomi bebhetri uphele.
Nangona kungekho mgangatho, umgaqo oqhelekileyo kukuba umjikelezo wobomi bebhetri ulinganiswa nenani lemijikelezo enokuthi iyenze ngaphambi kokuba ihlawulwe ngaphantsi kwe-80% yomthamo wayo wokuqala.
Ubunzulu bokukhutshwa bumiselwa njani?
Umthamo webhetri nawo unokuqondwa ubunzulu bokukhutshwa (DoD), elinganisa ipesenti yomthamo webhetri esetyenziswayo xa kuthelekiswa netotali yayo.
Umzekelo, ibhetri entsha ye-100 Ah ekhutshwe imizuzu engama-20 ngoku ye-50 A ine-16.7 % (50 * 20/60/100) ye-DoD yaloo mjikelo.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, umda womjikelo wobomi ufikeleleke ukuba ibhetri ayinakuhlawuliswa ngaphaya kwe-80 Ah, okukhokelela ekuqalweni kwe-20% DoD nakwi. “izele” intlawulo.
Ungasebenzisa imonitha njenge Victron BMV-700 ukulandelela i-DoD ngokuchanekileyo.
Zingaphi Iibhayisikile ezifumanayo ibhetri?
Umjikelo wobomi bebhetri uxhomekeke kuhlobo nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Umjikelo woBomi bebhetri yeLithium-Ion
Uninzi lweebhetri ze-Li-ion zihlala malunga nemijikelo ye-500, ngelixa iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zinokunyamezela amawaka emijikelezo ngaphambi kokuba amandla anciphe.
Kwibhetri yeHolo, yethu izisombululo ezilungiselelwe LiFePO4 ube nemilinganiselo yomjikelezo wobomi be-3,000-5,000 imijikelo phantsi kokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye nangaphezulu ngokusetyenziswa okulula.
Ngokwesiqhelo, abavelisi bachaza ubunzulu bomda wokukhupha ukuze kuphunyezwe olu kulinganisa.
Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion azichatshazelwa kancinci ngokusingqongileyo kunye nezinto zokukhupha kune-lead-acid, ekhokelela kuqikelelo oluchanekileyo lomjikelo wobomi.
Umjikelo woBomi bebhetri yeLead-Acid
Ibhetri ye-lead-acid inokuhlala ukuya kwi-1,500 imijikelezo ngokugcinwa okufanelekileyo, ngakumbi ukuba igcinwe ngaphezu kwentlawulo ye-50%.
Nangona kunjalo, ubude bayo buxhomekeke ekukhutshweni okukhanyayo kunye nemijikelo echanekileyo yokutshaja. Iimfuno zamandla anzima okanye ukukhutshwa okunzulu kuya kunciphisa kakhulu inani lemijikelo.
Ngokomyinge, ithatha i-300-500 imijikelezo.
Yintoni Enciphisa Ubomi Bebhetri Etshajekayo?
Izinto ezininzi, ngaphandle kohlobo lwebhetri, zichaphazela umjikelo wobomi bayo. Ukuqonda oku kunokunceda ukwandisa ukusebenza kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.
Ubushushu
Ubushushu buchaphazela kakhulu ubomi bebhetri, kudla ngokubangela ukubhideka.
Ngelixa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokunyusa ukusebenza, eneneni anciphisa ubomi bebhetri, ngakumbi kwiibhetri ze-lead-acid. Obona bushushu bebhetri bumalunga nama-25°C (77°F).
Olunye uphando lufumene ukuba ukusebenza kwebhetri ye-lithium yehle malunga ne-3. 3% kwi-77 ° F kunye ne-6. 7% kwi-113 ° F kwimijikelo yokuqala engama-200. Ngokubhekiselele kwiibhetri ze-asidi, Isiqingatha sobomi kunye nokwanda kwe-15-degree ngaphezulu kwe-77°F.
Ubunzulu obugqithisileyo bokukhutshwa
Ubunzulu bokukhutshwa buchaphazela ubomi bebhetri.
Kwiibhetri ze-lead-acid, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili ukuya kwi-50% ye-DOD endaweni ye-80% kunokuphinda kabini ubomi, ngelixa ukuhamba ngebhayisikili ukuya kwi-10% ye-DOD kunokuyandisa ngokuphindwe kahlanu. Kungcono ukuba ungakhuphi ngaphantsi kwe-50%.
Iibhetri ze-lithium azichatshazelwa kancinci kukukhutshwa okunzulu, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungahambi ngaphantsi kwe-80% DOD.
Umjikelo wokuTshaja onganelanga
Ukutshaja ibhetri yakho ngokupheleleyo kubalulekile. Ukugqiba umjikelo wokuhlaziya uvumela isigaba sokulungelelanisa esinciphisa i-sulfate kwiiplate ezikhokelayo.
Ngelixa iintlawulo ezingaphelelanga zichaphazela iibhetri ze-lithium ngaphantsi ngenxa yenkqubo yazo yangaphakathi yokubeka iliso yebhetri (BMS), kusengcono ukuzitshaja kwakhona xa kunokwenzeka.
Ilahleko ye-Electrolyte
Iibhetri ezinzulu ziqulathe i isisombululo se-electrolyte ukwenzela ukuphendula kwangaphakathi.
Kwiibhetri ezineasidi elothe ezikhukulayo, ukuphuphuma komphunga kunokushiya i-electrolyte ngasemva. Ukungahoyi ukugcwalisa ezi bhetri ngamaxesha kuya kunciphisa kakhulu ubomi bazo.
I-lithium kunye neebhetri ze-lead-asidi ezitywiniweyo zinee-electrolytes ngokunjalo. Kodwa zitywinwe, zishenxisa imfuneko yokuzaliswa kwakhona.
Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ze-lead-acid ezitywiniweyo zinokukhupha igesi ngexesha lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza okanye ukutshaja, okukhokelela ekulahlekeni okuncinci kwe-electrolyte enokuchaphazela ubomi bomjikelezo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Electrode Crystallization
Zonke iibhetri ziwohloka ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yotshintsho lweekhemikhali.
Idiphozithi ifom kwii-electrodes, ezifana ne-lead sulfate crystals kwiibhetri ze-lead-acid kunye ne-metallic lithium kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion. Olu tshintsho lunciphisa iikhemikhali ezikhoyo zokusabela, zonyusa ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi, kwaye ekugqibeleni zinokukhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwebhetri ukuba zininzi.
Indlela Yokunyusa Ubomi Bebhetri?
Ukuqonda izinto ezichaphazela umjikelo wobomi bebhetri yakho kunokukunceda ukwandisa ubomi bayo. Ukulandela ezona ndlela zilula zinokwandisa ukusebenza kwazo zombini iibhetri ze-lead-asidi kunye ne-lithium-ion.
- Sebenzisa ibhetri yakho kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi xa kunokwenzeka, malunga ne-77°F.
- Kwiibhetri ze-lead-acid, thintela ukukhupha ngaphantsi kwe-50% umthamo; Injongo yokukhupha ubunzulu be-10% ukuya kwi-50%. Iibhetri zeLithium ziyakwazi ukusingatha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% ubunzulu bokukhutshwa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunye ne-100%.
- Kwiibhetri ze-lead-asidi ezikhukulayo, gcina isisombululo se-electrolyte sivaliwe.
- Okokugqibela, tshaja ibhetri yakho kancinci ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo.
