Ukugcinwa kwamandla Ibalulekile lobomi bale mihla, amashishini amaninzi axhomekeke kwiibhetri kwizixhobo zamandla, ukukhanya, kunye nezixhobo kwiindawo zomsebenzi. Xa amandla e-shore ayifumaneki, ukugcinwa kwebhetri kuqinisekisa imisebenzi engaguqukiyo kwiiprojekthi zemizi-mveliso nakwintengiso. Makhe siphonononge ukuba isebenza njani le nto.
Yintoni amandla & Igcinwa njani?
Amandla kukukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi kwaye ukho kwiifom ezimbini eziphambili: i-kinetic kunye namandla anokubakho.
Umzekelo, ilitye eliqengqelekayo linamandla e-kinetic ukusuka kwisindululo sayo, ngelixa iliwa emaphethelweni endulini linamandla okubangelwa kukukwazi ukuqengqeleka.
Amandla ombane athathwa njenge-kinetic kuba ihlala ihambahamba kodwa inokuguqulwa ibe kwezinye iindlela ezigciniweyo.
Ngokufanayo, amanzi emva kwedama amele amandla anokubakho.
Ngaba unokugcina amandla ombane?
Hayi, awungekhe ugcine umbane ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa unokuguqulwa ibe yifom yoyilo. La mandla anokuguqulwa emva kombane. Iindlela zokugcina zombane zezandla zibandakanya ii-flwheels (oomatshini), amanzi aphezulu (imilinganiselo ye), ophucukileyo (olwenziweyo), kunye neyona ixhaphakileyo: Iibhedi (iibhedi).
Ithini ibhetri?
Ibhetri sisixhobo sokugcina esiguqula amandla amachiza kumandla ombane. Inezisitho enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-electrochemical apho kuphinda kwenziwe indawo yekhemikhali ii-elektroni, ukubonelela ngombane okufunekayo ukwenza umsebenzi.
Iibhetri zisebenza njengeempompo ze-elektroni, ezibonisa icala elifanelekileyo (i-cahode), icala elibi (i-anode), kunye ne i-electrolyte Inika imichiza kunye nabo.
Ngelixa le nkqubo ixhaphake kuzo zonke iibhetri, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugcina amandla ngeendlela ezizodwa.
Iindidi zebhetri eziqhelekileyo & Bagcina njani amandla
Ukusetyenziswa kwezamashishini kunye nezorhwebo, zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zokugcina amandla ebhetri enokuphinda isebenze, eyahlukileyo kwintsebenzo.
Iibhetri zeLead-Acid
Iibhetri ezikhokelayo, ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-170 ubudala, yenye yeentlobo zebhetri ezindala.
Ibhetri nganye ye-12-volt ineeseli ezintandathu ngomxube we-sulfuric acid kunye namanzi, ebonisa isiphelo sendlela (i-cahode) kunye nesiphelo esibi (umfanekiso).
Xa ikhutshiwe, i-sulfuric acid iqhekeza emanzini, ukukhulula ii-elektroni zombane. Impendulo yekhemikhali kwiplate engalunganga yile: PB
Ngexesha lokuphinda-phinda, amandla ayakha kwakhona iimolekyuli ze-acid ukuze zisetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo.
Ngelixa isetyenziswa inokuthenjwa kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, iibhetri ezikhokelayo zinomda; Imijikelezo ephindaphindwayo ephindaphindayo iphinda iphinde inciphise ixesha lokuphila kwabo ngenxa yokupheliswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion
Ngaphambili, sathetha I-Cathodes kunye ne-anodes kwiibhetri. Banokugcina i-ions, kwaye amandla agcinwa kwaye akhutshwe njengoko ii-ions zihamba kwi-thehode i-anode kwi-ENORDROLTE.
Ngokungafaniyo neebhetri ze-Acid-Acid ezisebenzisa intetho yekhemikhali efanayo, i-Lithium-ion ye-liium-ion yeza kwiingcali zemichiza ezahlukeneyo. I Iindidi ezi-6 eziphambili Bandakanya i-LITIM CoALY ONOX (LCO), i-LOIImus Manganese Oxide (i-LMO), i-LOCKEl Mangane Oxide (NMC), i-LTO), i-LTO), i-LFPE i-phosphate (LFP).
I-Lithium ye-Lithium iyamdaka, incinci, ilula, iqhume ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ibe nexesha elide lokuphila xa ithelekiswa neebhetri ze-Acid.
I-Lithium ye-Inyibilium phosphatele Ngokukodwa baziwa nge-Liessepan ende kunye nonyamezelo lobushushu, benza bakhuseleke kwaye bahlale ixesha elide.
Izibonelelo zoGcino lwamandla ebhetri
Izibonelelo zegridi yamandla eguqukayo ecocekileyo
Ukuhanjiswa kokugcinwa kwamandla kukukhawulezisa ngenxa yokwandisa ukuguquguquka kwe-GRID, ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezininzi, kwaye kusetyenziswe kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Iinkqubo zokugcina zinokudityaniswa kwigridi yombane – ukusuka kwinethiwekhi yothungelwano kwizakhiwo zokuhlala.
Imithombo yamandla ahlaziyiweyo njengomoya kunye nelanga zineziphumo eziguqukayo; Ngenxa yoko, ubuchwepheshe bokugcina bunokuzinzisa ukubonelelwa ngombane ngokuthelekisa ukuveliswa kwemfuno.
Ngokuphatha ngexesha lokuveliswa okungaphezulu kunye nokukhutshwa ngexesha lemfuno ye-Peak, ukugcinwa kwamandla kwandisa ukusetyenziswa okuhlaziyiweyo kwaye kuncitshiswe inkunkuma. Iinkqubo zebhetri zebhetri zokuncedisa kwimfuno yemfuno yabathengi ngamandla aguquguqukayo.
Ukugcina kwakhona ne-AIDS ekuphenduleni kutshintsho ngequbuliso kwiimfuno zombane, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwegridi ngaphandle kwezityalo zamandla. Ibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni okanye i-microgrids ekhoyo exhomekeke kwizisombululo zamandla endawo ukuthintela ukuqaqanjelwa.
IziBonelelo zoLuntu
Ukugcinwa kwamandla kunokuphucula ukufikelela nokubonelela ngeenzuzo zoluntu olunengeniso ephantsi aluchaphazeli ngokupheleleyo kungcoliseko kunye notshintsho lwemozulu. Ingayibuyisela i-fossil fuel fuels – Rhoqo ekufumaneka kwiindawo ezisengozini ezandisa imiba esemgangathweni yomoya ngexesha lokufunwa liphezulu njengamaza obushushu.
Ngogcino lwebhetri ukuba lixabiso eliphantsi kune-turbines yegesi, utshintsho oluvela kwii-Peakers luyakukhawulezisa.
Ukongeza, ukugcinwa kwamandla kunceda abathengi baphephe amaxabiso aphezulu ngokulinganisa i-spikes efakwa kwi-Rideshare gwenxa ngeholide. Iphucula ukuqiniswa kwabahlali ngokudibana kwe-peak ngaphandle kokucingela igridi okanye ibangela i-spikes yexabiso lemozulu.
Ngokudibanisa amandla ezenziwe ngokutsha kwii-microgrids ezihlaziyiweyo okanye iiHubs zokuVumelana, uluntu lufumana amandla endalo ngexesha lokukhupha igesi yendalo kunye nokuxhomekeka ekungcoleni i-fossil fuels.
Ukuqukumbela
Uninzi lwabantu lusebenzisa iibhetri kwindawo yokucheba okanye ukucheba, apho ukugcinwa kunokuqinisekiswa, ukugcina amandla okhuseleko kubalulekile kwintuthuzelo. Iibhetri zigcina amandla okuguqula kumbane, ekhuthaza ubomi bethu kunye nokubonelela ngenkululeko. La mandla ahambelana nenkululeko.
