Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion zijikeleze thina, sigcina igajethi yethu kunye neemoto zibaleka. Bafana neenjini ezincinci ezilawula umhlaba wethu. Kodwa yintoni engaphakathi kubo kwaye ibenza basebenze? Makhe siqwalasele.
Yintoni ibhetri ye-lithium-ion?
Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ifana neefektri zamandla amancinci. Basebenzisa i-lithium i-ions ukuvelisa umbane.
Khawufane ucinge ezi ze-ion njengabathunywa baphethe amandla phakathi kwamalungu ebhetri. Ngaphakathi, umahluko uqinisekisa i-IOIum i-Ions inokuhamba phakathi kwamacala ngelixa ivimba ii-elektroni.
Xa shaja, i-ions ihamba ukusuka kwicala elibi, ukugcina amandla. Ngexesha lokukhupha, ii-Ion zibuyela kwicala elifanelekileyo, zibonelela ngamandla. Oku kuhamba umva kweLithium kunye nee-ion ze-litium kudala i-voltage, etyhila i-elektroni ngesixhobo esidibeneyo, silichitha.
Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion vs. I-Lithium-ion
Makhe sithethe umahluko phakathi kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion kunye ne-lithium-ion.
Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ifana neqela leembaleki, apho i-lithium nganye ye-lithium-ion yenye yezo mbaleki. Iqela lidinga bonke ababaleki basebenza kunye ukuze bomelele.
Iseli nganye kwezi inamafutha ayo. Umzekelo, i-Lithium ye-lithium ye-phosphate yeseli yeseli isusela kwi-3.2 ukuya kwi-3.8 volts. Ukomelela kwamandla kwizixhobo ezinkulu, singayidibanisa iiseli ezininzi ukwenza ibhetri ephezulu yevolthi, njenge-12, i-12, okanye i-48 volts. Ukudibanisa iiseli kuthotho yongeza i-voltages yabo.
Iiseli zinokuqhagamshelwa kwi-farallel. Oku kudibanisa isikhundla sabo, ngoko ke iiseli ezimbini ezifanayo ziqala malunga nexesha eliphindwe kabini.
Yintoni Ngaphakathi kwebhetri yeLithium-Ion?
Ibhetri ye-Lithium ineeseli ezininzi ze-Iyoum-ion ye-ion-ion ye-ion ye-ion ye-widium yenyikimayo kwaye ihambelane, kunye neengcingo zokudibanisa kunye ne Inkqubo yoLawulo lwebhetri (ii-BMS).
I-BMS ibeka iliso kwimpilo yebhetri kunye neqondo lobushushu. Kananjalo, inokulinganisa amandla kuzo zonke iiseli ngexesha ngalinye lentlawulo epheleleyo yokwandisa ubomi bebhetri kunye nokusebenza.
Yintoni engaphakathi kwi-lithium ye-lithium-ion?
Ingaphakathi le-ilitium ye-lithium-ion ichane ngqo. Inamacandelo amane aphambili: i-anode, i-catode, i-electrolyte, kunye nesahluli. Ezi macandelo zisebenza ngokungenamthungo ukugcina nokukhupha amandla njengoko kufuneka.
I-Anode kunye ne-canode
Kwisiseko se-lithium-i-ion-ion zii-electrodes ezimbini – i-anode kunye ne-hothode. Oku kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcinweni kweqela lebhetri kunye nokukhutshwa kwezakhono.
I-electrode engalunganga, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-anode, idla ngokwegrafu. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja, i-lithium i-ions zifuduke kwi-cahode, eyahluli, kwaye igcinwe kwi-Anode. Xa ibhetri isetyenziswa kwaye ikhwele, i-lithium ihamba ibuyela kwi-atode kwi-cathode.
Kwicala le-flip, i-electrode eyakhayo, okanye i-canode, idla ngokudityaniswa nge-oxide yentsimbi yeLilium. Izinto eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya i-lithium cobaal oxide (LCO), i-Lithium ye-lithium phosphate (LFP), kunye neLithium Manganese Oxide (LMO). I-chemistries nganye kwezi zibonelela ngeenzuzo zayo ezizodwa ngokwendlela yokuxinana kwamandla, ukhuseleko, kunye nobomi bomjikelo.
Umzekelo, iiseli ezisekwe kwi-LCO-ezisekwe ukuba zixinezeleke kakhulu amandla, zibenze ukuba babe nokukhethwa kwee-smartphones kunye neelaptops. Iiseli ze-LFP, kwelinye icala, zaziwa ngobomi babo obukhulu kunye nobomi obude bobomi, zisenza ukuba zikhethe ukhetho lwezithuthi zombane. Iiseli ze-LMO zibetha ibhalansi phakathi kokuxinana kwamandla kunye nokusebenza kweendleko.
Electrolyte
I-electrolyte iququzelela ukuphuma kwe-lithium i-ion phakathi kwe-ATOD kunye ne-canode ngexesha lokubiza kunye nokuyeka.
I Uninzi lwe-electrolyte Isetyenziswe kwiseli ye-lithium-ion yi-lithium ye-lithium, i-lithium ye-lithium hexxuorophosphate (i-lipf6), ichithwe kwi-solvent ye-organic. Le ntloko yeLithium ibonelela ngendawo eyimfuneko ye-lithium ye-lithium ukuba ihambe ngokukhululekileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini.
Ngexesha lokutshaja, ii-i-i-lithium zikhutshwe kwi-Mahode kwaye ifudukele kwi-electrolyte ukuba igcinwe kwi-Anode. Xa ibhetri isetyenziswa kwaye ikhutshiwe, inkqubo ibuyiselwe, kunye nee-Ions eziphuma kwi-atode kwi-Mathode, evelisa umbane ofanelekileyo okwangoku.
Umahluli
Ukwahlulahlula phakathi kwe-anode kunye ne-canode. Esi sixhobo sincinci sivumela i-lithium i-ions ukuba idlule kodwa ime kwindalo yombane, inyanzela i-elektroni ukuba ihambe kwisixhobo.
Ukwahlulahlula oku kudlala indima yokhuseleko – Ukuba iyadlula, ientloko zayo kufutshane, Ukumisa i-Lithium ion yothutho kunye nokucima iseli yebhetri Ukuthintela umonakalo okanye umlilo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ibonakala ilula ngaphandle, kodwa njengoko unzulu, uya kufumanisa izinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.
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