Ukuthathwa okungundoqo:
- Iipakethi zebhetrium-ion ziindibano ezintsonkothileyo ezibandakanya iiseli, inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri (i-BMS), izinto ezihambayo, indawo ebiyelweyo, kunye nenkqubo yolawulo lwe-irmas. Banamandla okucwangcisa izicelo ezininzi, ukusuka kwi-elektroniki yabathengi kwizithuthi zombane, kwaye kufuna ubunjineli bobuchwephesha ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukusebenza ngokukuko kunye nokuthembeka.
A ibhetri ye-lithium-ion Ipakethi yendibano yeeseli ze-lithium-ion, inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri, kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo zokuxhasa zonke ziqulathwe ngaphakathi kwendawo ebiyelweyo. Inika indawo yokugcina amandla anokuphinda isebenze kunye namandla kwi-elektroniki yabathengi, izithuthi zombane, iinkqubo zokugcina iigridi, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zemveliso.
Ngelixa iiseli zeLithium-ion zibonelela ngomthamo osisiseko wombane, ezinye izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zibaluleke ngokulinganayo ekwenzeni ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo, ezifanelekileyo, nokuxhomekeka. Kokwesi sikhokelo, siza kujonga ngokusondeleyo kwimiba yezobugcisa yecandelo ngalinye leCore Lithium-ion yepakethi yepakethi yepakethi yepakethi.
Izinto eziphambili Amagqabantshintshi
Iipakethi zebhetri ze-lithium-ion zibandakanya le nto iphambili:
- Iiseli ze-lithium-ion – Icandelo le-electrochemical esisiseko libonelela ngenqanaba lombane. Iiseli ezininzi zidityanisiwe ukufezekisa i-voltage oyifunayo kunye nomthamo.
- Inkqubo yoLawulo lwebhetri (ii-BMs) – "Ingqondo" yokubeka esweni iimeko zeseli zeseli kunye nokulawula ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza.
- Izinto ezidlulayo – Nika ulwakhiwo, uqhagamshelo, ukufakelwa kunye nokupholisa.
- Ebiyelwe – Izindlu kwaye ukhusele onke amacandelo angaphakathi.
- Inkqubo yoLawulo lwe-Irmal – Gcina amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo asebenza.
- I-elektroniki eyongezelelweyo – Yongeza imisebenzi ekwandiseni ukusebenza kunye nokudityaniswa.
Okulandelayo, siza kuphonononga nganye kwezi zinto kwiinkcukacha ezinkulu zobugcisa.
Iiseli ze-lithium-ion: Umthombo wamandla oMthombo we-Electrochemical
Iiseli ze-lithium-ion isebenzisa i-lithium ye-ion ye-Is Chemistry ye-chemistry yokugcina amandla ombane. Ngaphakathi kwiseli, ihlawulwe kakuhle i-lithium ye-lithim i-shuttle phakathi kwegrafu kunye ne-cathode yentsimbi yentsimbi njengeentlawulo zeseli kunye nokukhuphela. I-electrolyte ye-onlictrolyte ivumela izithuthi ze-ion ngelixa umahluko omkhulu unika unxibelelwano lombane phakathi kwe-electrone.
Iiseli ziza kwimilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo esemgangathweni kunye nezinto zefom:
- I-cylindrical (umzekelo. Ukuxinana kwamandla okuphezulu kodwa ukuxinana kwamandla okuba kuthelekiswa neeseli zepali. Iifomathi eziqhelekileyo:
- I-18650 – I-18mm yobume, ukuphakama kwe-65mm, ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo be-1.56a
- I-21700 – I-21mm yobume, ukuphakama kwe-70mm, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5Ah
- I-4680 – I-46mm diameter, i-80mm ephezulu, i-10-50ah
- Iprosmatic – Ukutshintsha i-Canode, i-Anode kunye nezahlulo ezibekiweyo zaze zasongelwe kwizindlu ze-Aluminitic Ialuminiyam. Yandisa uxinzelelo lwamandla lwe-volumetric kodwa uxinano lwamandla asezantsi. Iifomathi eziqhelekileyo:
- I-10ah kunye ne-30 ye-ne-30 ye-30 ye-C-roreep ephantsi
- Ubungakanani be-100 x 200 x 10mmm
- Ingxowa – I-electroder kunye nokwahlulahlulwa etywinwe kwi-poply plip yeplasitiki yeplastiki. Kwabizwa ngokuba ziiseli zePolymer. Bhetyebhetye kwaye ilula. Ixabiso elisebenzayo kodwa elingaqhelekanga. Amanqanaba oqhelekileyo asusela kwi-1ah ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-3 00ah.
Iiseli ze-Lithium-i-Iyon zisebenzisa i-chehode yamachwephesha eyahlukileyo, ifuthe, ukukhula, kunye nokhuseleko:
- I-Lithium Cobana Oxide (LCO) - 3.6V i-voltage yonyulo, uxinano lwamandla aphezulu kodwa iinkxalabo zokhuseleko kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo
- I-Lithium Manganese Oxide (i-LMO) - 3.7V, ikhuselekileyo nekhuselekileyo yoBomi
- I-Lithium i-phosphate (LFP) – 3.2V, ukhuseleke kakhulu kwaye uhlala uhleli kodwa ophantsi kwamandla
- I-Lithium ye-NITKEL Manganese Cobanet Oxide (NMC) – 3.6/2V, amandla aphezulu kunye noxinano lwamandla kodwa ukuvelisa okuntsonkothileyo
- I-Lithium iNithium Cobanum (NCA) - 3.6V, amandla aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo lwamandla kodwa i-tenment yebhetri
Xa ukhetha iiseli, iinjineli zivavanya iiparamitha ezinjengee-voltage, umthamo, ireyithi yobomi, ifom, i-fortoct, indleko, kunye nokufumaneka ukufezekisa iimfuno zesicelo. I-NMC ephezulu ye-NMC kunye ne-NCA chemistries ziqhelekileyo kwizicelo eziphezulu zomsebenzi.
Inkqubo yoLawulo lwebhetri (ii-BMs)
I Inkqubo yoLawulo lwebhetri Isebenza njenge "zengqondo" elawula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwepakethi yebhetri. I-BMS ibeka iliso kwiimeko zeseli, ilawula iindlela zokhuseleko, iiseli ezinokuthathela ingqalelo, kwaye inike iiseli zonxibelelwano. Ubunzima bee-BMS buxhomekeke kubungakanani bepakethi kunye nokusebenza. I-BMS encinci yabathengi inokubandakanya nje:
- Ukubeka i-voltages yeseli kunye namaqondo obushushu
- Ukuthintela ukutyhoboza kwaye ngaphezulu-ukukhululwa
- Ukulinganisa i-voltages
Ngelixa i-ED yokuThola i-EV ibonelela ukusebenza kakhulu:
- Ukubeka iliso eliphezulu le-voltage (± 15MV), okwangoku (± 1-2%), kunye neqondo lobushushu (± 1 ° C) kwiseli nganye
- Ukulungelelaniswa kweseli esebenzayo nge-skinting okanye i-Multi-Duing Drive
- Ukulawula unxibelelwano kunye ne-fuses yokuzahlula kombane
- Imeko enzima yentlawulo kunye noqikelelo lwempilo ye-algorithms
- Ulawulo lwenkqubo yokupholisa
- Ikhawulezi yexabiso eliphezulu – Vula / isekethe emfutshane, ocedwa
- Amakhulu e-Expres Igalelo kunye nokulawula Iziphumo
- Iindlela zoNxibelelwano lwezithuthi – I-Lin, Lin, iFlecray, I-AutheMotive Ethernet
- Ukuqinisekiswa okukhuselekileyo, ukhuseleko lwe-tamper, uhlaziyo lwe-firmware ngaphezulu komoya
- Ukungena kwedatha eneenkcukacha ukuba kugcinwe isifo kunye nokubala komjikelo
Umthombo: Phanda
I-BMS Hardware iquka i-Snorication I-ACT, ADCS, i-Microcontrolfroller, kunye neeSekethe zoLawulo lwaMandla aphakanyisiweyo kwiBhodi yeSiphako eprintiweyo. I-inshunser ephezulu ye-voltage kunye noqhagamshelo lomeleleyo lubalulekile ekukhuseleni nasekuthembekeni.
Izinto ezidlulayo
Ukongeza kwiiseli kunye ne-BMS, iipakethi zebhetri ze-ion-ion zibandakanya izinto ezahlukeneyo zokungena:
- Iibhasi zebhasi-zinika unxibelelwano lokungaxhathisi bebhasi phakathi kweeseli kunye nezikhululo. Umsebenzi ophezulu ofunekayo – ukuya kwi-1000A kwi-EV Pupatcks. Iibhasi zebhasi okanye i-aluminium ze-aluminium zinokuba zingenanto, zipakishwe, okanye ziyintoni. Uyilo lwebhasi lunciphise ukubhukuqa ngelixa kugcinwa ikwadwa.
- Isixhobo soNxibelelwano lwe-Irmal – Isetyenziswe phakathi kweeseli kunye neendonga ezivaliweyo okanye iziteshi zokupholisa. I-Silicone Elastomers, iiteyiphu ezinenxaxheba emzimbeni, kunye nokuzalisa iipads ukwandisa i-SURR SURD. Ukutshintsha kweSigaba seSigaba sinika amandla aphezulu eshushu.
- Iitekevers kunye neetephu-ukubonelela ngokufakelwa kombane kunye nokunganyangeki kwentshukumo. Izixhobo ziquka iPolyurethane, ii-acrychelives kunye ne-silicone. Iiteyiphu eziphindwe kabini zixhaphakile. I-Ul94 v-0 v-0 i-flaym.
- I-Fus kunye nezonako-zikhusela ngokuchasene neempazamo eziphezulu. Vumela ukwahlukaniswa kombane okhuselekileyo. I-voltage ephezulu kunye neereyithingi zangoku ezifunekayo. Ii-fus zingadityaniswa kwi-BMS. Imijikelezo yangaphambi kokuhlawula umda.
- I-Comconnectts zeseli-Gyanisa i-terminals yeseli ngothotho. Kufuneka uphathe uxinzelelo lwangoku. I-Ultrasonic, I-Laser, kunye nokuxhathisa i-welding isetyenzisiweyo.
Ukukhetha ngononophelo kwezi zinto zidlulayo kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kombane, i-thermal, kunye noomatshini bepakethi yebhetri phantsi kwemiqathango efunwayo.
Indawo yokuvalelwa kwepakethi yebhetri
Indawo yokuvalelwa kwepakethi yebhetri okanye izindlu:
- Ukhuseleko – Iiseli ezikhusela iiseli ezivela kubatshini bokuxhatshazwa koomatshini, ifuthe, uthuli, ulwelo. Ivumela kuphela unxibelelwano lombane ngokufanelekileyo. Ibonelela ngenqanaba le-IP ngokusekwe kwisicelo.
- Inkxaso yesakhiwo – Ibonelela ngobuqili obufunekayo ngeselula. Ukuqulunqwa kwesakhelo sesicelo kunye neebakaki.
- Iindlela zokupholisa – Ivumela i-moya yokuqhubela phambili okanye ukujikeleza kolwelo kunxamnye neeseli kunye nee-BMs. Ingabandakanya amabala adibeneyo adibeneyo.
- Ukufakwa – I-Shilly ikwayiwa lezinto eziphakamileyo ze-voltages njengemivalo yebhasi kunye ne-terminals.
- Ukutywinwa kwendalo- ukuthintela uxinzelelo lokufuma. Iyimfuneko kwi-lithium-ion yomchemi.
Izinto eziqhelekileyo ezibonakalayo zibandakanya iinyibiliki ezinje nge-aluminium yepropathi egqibeleleyo ye-thermal, kunye neplastiki enjineli yeplastiki yobunzima obukhanyayo kunye nokunganyangeki. I-carbon fiber kunye ne-carbon fiber eqiniswe i-plastics ibonelela ngolwakhiwo kunye nokukhusela.
Iindawo eziValiweyo zihlala zibonisa iiphaneli zokufikelela ezisuswayo zokusebenza kunye nemodyuli yepakethe yokufakwa kofakelo. I-Heshertures, iirhasi, kunye ne-subranes igcina izinto ezikhuselekileyo zifakwe ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye zodwa.
Inkqubo yoLawulo lwe-Irmal
Ukugcina amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo abaluleke kakhulu kwintsebenzo ekhuselekileyo nefanelekileyo yeepakethi ze-lithium-ion. Nangona iiseli ze-lithium-ion zenza kakuhle nge-15-35 ° C, ukusebenza ngaphandle koluhlu lwe-Diregrades kunye nobomi bonke:
- Ukuphuculwa kwezakhono ezinciphayo. Ukuxhathisa ngaphakathi konyulo.
- Ngasentla ~ 50 ° CAPRAID ekhawulezayo kunye nokwaluphala kwenzeka.
- Ngaphezulu ~ 60 ° c Umngcipheko we-thermal runlates.
Yiyo loo nto inkqubo yolawulo lwe-irmal kufuneka ipholile iiseli ngexesha lokusebenza kwaye ifudunyele xa kuchaziwe kwiimeko ezibandayo. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokupholisa zibandakanya:
- Umoya ohambayo – Ukupholisa nge-fins kunye neendlela. Isetyenziswe kwiipakethi ezincinci ngemveliso esezantsi yokuphuma.
- Umoya onyanzelekileyo – Abalandeli be-axial okanye i-centrifugal baphucula inqanaba le-Airflow kunye noTshintsho lobushushu. I-ducts iQekeza ukuhanjiswa kokuhamba.
- Ukuphola kolwelo – Iijakethi, iipleyiti okanye ukujikeleza kwe-microcalnenes ukujikeleza kwamanzi / glycocol xube okanye ulwelo lwediliya. Isebenza kakhulu kwiipakethi ezinkulu zamandla >I-5kw.
- Izixhobo zokutshintsha kwezigaba – Izixhobo ze-Wax-ezinjengamafutha ashushu njengoko zinyibilika. Isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezivaliweyo okanye njengeepads ze-thermal.
- I-Thermoelectric-Izixhobo zePelimier Evelise umahluko wobushushu xa unamandla. I-Compact Command ukupholisa.
Ukufudumeza kubalulekile ukuba ubandezeleke ngemozulu ebandayo. Iindlela zokufudumeza ziquka:
- Izitshisi zombane – Izitshisi ezixhaphakileyo ziqhotyoshelwe ukupakisha.
- Impompo yokutshisa – Phinda uguqule izixhobo ze-thermoelectric okanye i-commackict loops.
- Ubushushu benkunkuma – Ukuthathela ingqalelo ilahleko yokunganyangekiyo ekutshayiseni nasekuqhubeni.
I-BMS ibeka amaqondo obushushu asesele kwaye alawule ukupholisa okanye ukufudumeza ngokusekwe kwi-algorithm yolawulo lwe-algorith. Iipakethi ezinkulu zebhetri zinokwahlula kwiindawo ze-Thermal kunye nommiselo wobushushu ozimeleyo.
Icandelo elongezelelweyo
Kuxhomekeka kwiindleko, kwifom yefom, kunye neemfuno zesicelo, iipakethi zebhetri ze-lithium-ion zinokubandakanya izinto ezongezelelweyo:
- Sekethekiwe-up – Uvuka i-BMS yokulala xa i-ntlawulo / yokukhuphela iqala. Iphucula ukulinda okwangoku.
- Ukulungelelaniswa kweseli iisekethe – Ukulinganisa okusebenzayo kubonelela ngokuchanekileyo kunokuba ulungelelwano odwa. Ifuna ukongezwa.
- Isekethe yokuthintela – Imida ikhutshiwe ikhompyutha yangoku xa uqhagamshela. Sebenzisa abahlali okanye ukutshintsha okusebenzayo. Ukhusela ii-BMS kunye nezonkelethi.
- Itshaja – I-DE-Boarding Croub Graffiki ye-ENGOPOPOP ye-DC ngokukhawuleza. Isusa imfuneko yetshaja yangaphandle.
- Unxibelelwano – Ngaphandle komnxibelelanisi we-BMS esisiseko, iipakethi zinokubandakanya iimodyuli ezingenazingcingo okanye unxibelelwano lwamandla (plc) zolawulo olukude kunye noxilongo.
- Uyathanda – Nikeza ngokufudumeza okulawulwayo kwemozulu ebandayo. Nceda ufezekise amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo.
- Ukutshintshwa kweseli – Ukutshintshela amaqela eeseli ekwi / kulawulo lobukrelekrele kunye nokulinganisa. Ifuna ukutshintshwa okuninzi okwahlukileyo kunye nokulawula okunzima.
- Isimo se-LEDS – Ibonisa ngokubonakalayo imeko esisiseko yepakethi kumsebenzisi – ukubiza, iphosakeleyo, ukulinda njl.
I-Lithium-ion yepakethi yepakethe
Ngoku ekubeni sizihlolisile izinto zangaphakathi, makhe sihlolisise ukuba iipakethi ze-lithium-ion zifakwe njani kumashishini amakhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa:
- Izithuthi zombane-zibonelela ngamandla e-propulsion kwiZithuthi zoMbane kunye nezithuthi ze-hybrid. Funa amandla aphezulu kakhulu (50-100kw), ukuxinana kwamandla, ukhuseleko kunye nobomi bomjikelo. I-GRORTINAL BOWS YAYENZIWAYO.
- I-elektroniki kubathengi - iifowuni zeselfowuni, iilaptops, izixhobo zamandla kunye nezinye izixhobo eziphathwayo. Gxila kwiindleko, ubungakanani be-compact kunye nezantsi. I-Coina Couch Couch okanye iiseli zeprosickic kwizinto ezivalelweyo zeplastiki. I-1-100wh amandla.
- I-Aerospace-isetyenziswe kwinqwelomoya kumandla kaxakeka kwaye uqalise iinjini. Uyilo olusebenzayo lujamelana nokunyibilikisa. Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kubalulekile.
- Indawo yokuhlala-IGridi yamandla eGridi, iMandla e-Backup, i-Off-Off-Grid yeRolar / Systems. Gxila kwiindleko eziphantsi, ubomi obude bobomi. Umoya / i-billi epholile kwiiracks okanye kwizikhongozeli.
- Izixhobo zezonyango -Ukufakwe izixhobo zezonyango. I-compact kakhulu, iibhetri ezikhuselekileyo nezomeleleyo ziyafuneka. I-Ultrathin Futebles Flex ezantsi ukuya kwii-microns ezili-100.
Olu luvo lubalulekileyo lubonisa uluhlu olubanzi lwe-lithium-ion yepakethi yepakethi yepakethi yokufezekisa iimfuno zesicelo ezahlukileyo kumashishini.
I-Lithium-ion yokhuseleko lwebhetri
Ukusebenza nge-lithium-ion packs ifuna amanyathelo okhuseleko okhuseleko. Ngelixa zikhuselekile ukuba zenziwe kwaye zisingathwe ngokuchanekileyo, ezinesiphene okanye ezonakeleyo okanye ezonakeleyo zinokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibambe. Umngcipheko ophambili ubandakanya:
- Isekethe emfutshane – ngokukhawuleza kukhokelela phezulu kwaye ishushu.
- Isekethe emfutshane yangaphakathi – ibangelwa yiselokhi. Imowudi yokusilela eyingozi kakhulu.
- I-thermal ebalekayo – Ukuzifudumeza kude kube yi-vents yeseli okanye ukutshisa. Inokusasaza phakathi kweeseli.
- Ngaphezulu – I-voltage yeseli ngaphezulu kwemida ibangela ukwahlukana kwe-electrolyte.
- Kutyumza / impembelelo – I-CRASSHISH Ivumela isiphaluka esifutshane esingaphakathi.
- Indibano engalunganga – Izinto ezikhululekileyo kunye namanqaku aphezulu okuxhathisa avelisa ubushushu bendawo.
I-BMS kunye nezinye iisekethe zokhuselo zenzelwe ukunciphisa ezi sogus ngexesha lokusebenza nakwiziphoso eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, abasebenzi kufuneka bathathe amanyathelo okhuseleko xa bethutha, ukufaka, ukuhambisa okanye ukulahla iipakethi ze-lithium-ion-ion:
- Nxiba i-PPE efanelekileyo – Ukukhuselwa kwamehlo, iigloves, impahla yokulahla inkunkuma. Kulumkele ubucwebe se-metric.
- Sebenzisa izixhobo eziqhoshwe kwi-insures eziphawulwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwiipakethi zebhetri.
- Kunqande ukujikeleza okufutshane kakhulu okanye imivalo yebhasi.
- Ngokungqongqo ubambelele Ukuhambisa ngenqanawe kunye nokuphatha imigaqo yeBithium Bies.
- Ukukhupha ukuchitha iibhetri ukugcina i-voltage ngaphambi kokulahlwa.
- IVenkile kwaye ihlawule kumphezulu ongenakuthelekiswa nanto.
- Yiba ne-exicher eseleyo kwimeko kaxakeka yomlilo.
Ukulandela ezona zikhokelo zibalaseleyo zokuphatha okukhuselekileyo kubalulekile xa usebenza neepakethi ze-lithium-ion.
Ukuqukumbela
Iipakethi zebhetri ze-IOIum-ion zinezinto ezininzi, kubandakanya iiseli, ii-elektroniki ze-elektroniki, ulawulo lobushushu kunye noyilo lokuvalwa. Iinjineli kufuneka zilinganisele iindleko, ukusebenza, ukhuseleko, kunye neprojekti xa uyila iipakethi zebhetri.
Ukuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji kuya kwenza ukubakhuselekile, iphantsi, amancinci, kunye neepakethi ze-lithium enamandla. Iinkampani kufuneka zihlale zihlaziyiwe kwinkqubela phambili yamva nje ukuze zihlale zikhuphisana.
Amanqaku ayeleleneyo:
